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A, basic is introduced:

 

Tree blackberry originated from the United States, is a kind of fruit tree berry perennial leaves little shrubs and trees high 1.5-2 meters, longer than the tree fruit, fruit oval, into strung into cluster, WuLiang glittering and translucent, sweet and juicy, palate scent and refreshing, very delicious, and vitamin C content is apple’s five times, 6 times of grapes, especially with the acid was the United States tanning scientists proved to be the most effective prevention of cancer of the material. Because nutrition composition and give juice rate than many fruits, was the United Nations food and agriculture organization listed as “natural green food” and “healthy food”, prospect.

 

Its the biggest advantage is: easy to kind of easy tube, very few plant diseases and insect pests, in a small cultivation result, 3 years popular fruit. The south before and after April begins to bloom, the north late 30 to 40 days, mature 6-in July, a transplant, GuaGuo for 20 or 30 years. Black tree blackberry every 667 square meters (1 mu) planted 500-600 plants, when GuaGuo planting that year, the second year after into popular fruiting, at present market price per kg 12-18 yuan. Tree blackberry fruit can be processed into juice, jam, ratafia, double benefit. The fruit juice and so on according to water into juice drinks; Color, aroma, taste and taste, double the consumers.

 

Development tree blackberry production, in addition to fresh fruit fresh supply market sales outside, also should have the processing enterprise make promises, to ensure economic benefits. Tree blackberry fruit though born outside has a thin skin, resistance than strawberry storage, but compared with grapes not high yield, if no corresponding processing enterprise, tree blackberry is unfavorable massive development.

 

1. China has just started, the international market demand is big, with extensive market prospects;

 

2. Tree blackberry drought resistance to pain, drought resistance is strong, in the ground, the courtyard, hilly mountain, hillsides waste valleys all can be planted; Intensive farming can not only, and can grow in the yard and the famous plants; Some special drought resistant varieties cold pain, the hybrid root germination special developed, but with seabuckthorn, medlar and soil and water conservation as three pioneer bush-like tree; According to the tree blackberry varieties different, but in most provinces in China cultivation. If some blackberry varieties resistant to-17 ℃ or so low temperature and PH 8.0 in the soil good growth.

 

3. Compared with grapes, tree blackberry cultivation more extensive, and save work saving water, pest and disease resistance sex strong, production management cost is low;

 

4. Cycle is short, and the economic benefit is high. In GuaGuo namely cultivation, 3-4 years into full. The economic life of 20 years or so. Up to 800-1000 per kilo, in 5 yuan per kilogram plan, mu income is 4000-5000 yuan.

 

Therefore, tree blackberry will become our new pioneer species of fruits, development prospect. But our country tree blackberry production and sales is in its early stages, the industry cooperation system still have not been formed, the market localization are high.

 

Second, expert proposal, tree blackberry in various areas in development should pay attention to the following:

 

1. The temperature: tree blackberry for planting environment temperature is wide, average temperature recorded 15-20 ℃ are for planting.

 

2. Light: tree blackberry is positive crops, like more light.

 

3. Water: tree blackberry to water the request does not strictly, but if in production to achieve high yield, still need to artificial filling water for irrigation.

 

4. Soil: the soil’s requirements PH5.0-7.0 ph value are for planting, soil best good permeability, high organic matter content, high yield of fruit and taste better.

 

In addition, pay attention to the choice of breed and tie-in, give priority to with fresh, should choose the great and good shape, bright color, including sweet, high quality varieties. And for processing, should choose to peel a tough, soluble solids content high, the processing of vitamin loss less, colour and lustre is keep good varieties. Large-scale gardens should choose the large and medium cities suburbs, packaging and preservation facilities conditions.

 

5, tree blackberry economic and ecological benefits

The second year after planting tree blackberry can have certain economic yield, 3-4 years into full, economic life can reach 15 to 25 years, tree blackberry is up to 1000 kg per mu yield. Tree blackberry fruit sugar content and apple, pear, citrus fruit three big fruit

 

Similar, amino acid content is higher than apple, grape, the anti-aging and anti-cancer material of acid content tanning prep above, any cultivation and wild fruit, in medicine, cosmetics, health care and widely used. The roots leaves are also a medicinal effect.

 

Tree blackberry is suitable for both piece intensive management, also suitable for farmyard and the hillside hillsides scattered planting. Strong adaptability, tree blackberry branches and leaves thick, flowering fruiting is longer, can beautify the environment, water and soil conservation, has the good economic, ecological and social comprehensive benefits.

 

6, variety characteristics and optimal growth range

 

Tree blackberry species diversity, different characteristics, suitable for different ecological environment condition of the variety, a suitable fresh and processing varieties, currently used in the production of the main red berries series and blackberry series. Blackberry when violet black fruit mature, average-6.5-8.6 g, good quality, yield per plant yield average of 7.45 kg, 3 years per mu yield of 1100 kg born plant, resistant to diseases and insects ability, drought tolerance, some varieties resistant to-17 ℃ or so low temperature. Red berry fruit colour and lustre is diversiform, have red, yellow, black, purple. Red fruit juice has a natural pigment add color agent a particular purpose. Average-5.5-6.7 g, grows strong, the average yield per 6.9 kg, up to 1000 kg per mu yield, hardiness is stronger, some varieties resistant to 30 ℃ low-temperature. Suitable for large areas of the north.

 

7, cultivation and management

 

Red berries and blackberry fit arid-belt neutral plant. Blackberry resistant to PH 8.2, and some red berries varieties PH value more than 7. 5 but growth is bad, the plant had better be in when open, level off, the drainage is good, easy to fine management slopes to peace.

 

In the second year of engraftment and half upright type crawl cultivars important step-stone need. Results the final or spring every year to clip, control individual plant form. Clip proper methods can improve the yield per plant, reduce plant diseases and insect pests.

 

8, tree blackberry to how to the opening of the location?

 

1, climate red berries best climate conditions is the summer is cooler, and little rain in harvest season. If early summer, windy, dry, can restrain the growth of the stem. Ripe fruit overheating, can cause fruit softening, lose colour and lustre and fruit burns. In some areas with the cold winter winds, and the earth will “ribbon” part and dry.

 

Blackberry is hot summer to adapt to the environment, general 300 ~ 600 hours of hibernation. Most of the tree blackberry varieties in the north winter need protection buried soil.

 

2, soil tree blackberry is shallow root of plant or light, want to choose good drainage without sunscreen of the ground or gentle slope thing to grow, underground water level 4 m in the following; Mountain in shallow mountain area, planting appropriate also. Best for fertile soil arid-belt, ph value of neutral or acidic. Some species, in clay, or ph 8.5 or so can also be optimal growth, but for a good development, the results rate to a certain extent.

 

Three, before a kind of potatoes, eggplant, tomato, strawberry soil, not YiZhong planting trees blackberry, because some bacteria may exist in the soil, make fruit suffer.

 

9, tree blackberry to how to repair?

 

1, the utilization of the mountainous region and old orchard or of agricultural waste plant trees planted blackberry, DeGeng wall collapsed in the flat land shall be refurbished before neatly.

 

2, remove the remaining all sorts of fruit trees, thoroughly remove roots, weeds roots and bare the content such as stone.

 

3, 3 ~ 5 m3 per was rotten barnyard manure or farm manure by; Conditional, appropriate use to fulvic acid as the main raw material of organic compound fertilizer and a small amount of compound fertilizer (reduced 50%). Well, the flat and plowed, ridging. Ridges wide 50 cm to 70 cm, high 20 cm ~ 30 cm, ridging spacing general 2 m to 2.5 m. The ditch the flat. Pay particular attention to ditch catchment is smooth, prevent ZiShui roots rotted. Had better take sterilization measures: with right amount carbendazim (or topsin-m) mixed with manure in blending, and then into the ground.

 

10, tree blackberry seedling how to plant?

 

Tree blackberry in Beijing area planted spring autumn planted all can, planted in the spring soil thaw seedlings after before germination (mid-march ~ April), with 10 cm ~ 20 cm soil temperature stability in more than 10 oc for spring planting of appropriate period; Autumn seedlings planted in the soil after wood to freezing the former (October-November) as well. Time period of early planted for good, seedling less water loss, easy to survive the budding early spring, growing fast. Master in the frozen soil a month before the best, but in the north the autumn seedlings planted to “smoke article”. The ground part cut 20 cm ~ 30 cm left, buried in the soil after autumn planted.

 

According to local rainfall. The rain is abundant, and on the ridge in open acupuncture point; The rain partial less, in a hole in the ridges, zhuju do generally 2.5 m x 0.8 m (or 2 m multiply one m), mu planted 330 plants. Flat point of plant plant, deep hole every 30 cm wide. More fertile soil, can be appropriately reduced density; Poorer soil can be appropriately increased density. Tree blackberry field such as plant can travel acupuncture point, also can do the size and plant plant, big line 3.5 m, small line 0.6 zhuju 0.4 m per acre control in the 600 to 1000 plants.

 

Before the plant seedlings soaking in the 12 to 24 hours, in order to protect sapling body has enough water. Etam join organic compound fertilizer 50 g, and soil blending, and make the root planted into the stretch, buried deep in the shallow root, the roots and surface leveled, compacted water flooding, stay under water permeability with a layer of evacuated after surface.

 

For shortening the result showed, and increase the survival rate, less frequently and poured water, soil, keep wet. Take YeMiao basin, take ZheYangWang, and keep in the soil moist conditions, also variable planting season. In order to improve the unit efficiency, soil more fertile plot, in rows can make some xi shadow short crop (usually less than 30 cm) interplanting space. Such as peanuts, leafy vegetables, Chinese cabbage, radish, etc.

 

11, how to carry on the water management?

 

The first is in bloom to young fruit after forming stage, give priority to with nitrogen fertilizer; The second is the fruit after formation, with phosphorus potassium Lord; Basal fertilizers should be in early autumn, with the compost farm manure by mainly, but also join the amount of organic fertilizers. Basal fertilizers plants from 40 to 60 cm a side and soil of mixing. Chemical fertilizers, soil should have enough water, chemical fertilizer plant 50 cm from one side of the application of about 0.3 kg can. Fruiting spraying foliar fertilizer. Expert proposal, the fat and microbial JunFei Lin primarily, chemical fertilizer, supplemented by method, be helpful for fertility and improve soil, improve the quality of fruit and sweetness. To achieve pollution-free, green food standard, had better not use of chemical fertilizers. Can use the old methods: as a little time to soybean (cost reduction) use leach bubble (the budding) to inflation (appropriate decay), mixed with rich in p, k and bactericidal effect of plant ash, from plant in 30 cm place, a ring groove, 10 ~ 20 beans, increase fertility.

 

Xi wet, drought tolerance not waterlogging-enduring, avoid the w. p. a. Watering the drought, the soil humidity 60%, depth is up to 40 cm can, with right amount many times is advisable. Water had better choose in summer time at four in the afternoon after the temperature drops. Principle is drought can water, flood can row. In the north before winter pouring a frozen water.

 

12, how to SongTu, weeding, northern winter

 

Tree blackberry is shallow root plants, xi breathable good soil. Seedling to prevent soil harden, want to often fell surface soil. Especially after the rain, cohesive soil, after irrigation, must fell to loosen. Using artificial weeding, to early hoe, frequently hoe, and avoid CaoHuang. Miao miao and between, to artificially weeding primarily. Line and line between, for efficiency, can use small mechanical, depth master in about 10 cm, namely SongTu and weeding. Artificial weeding, for multiple short short grass type shall be maintained, outweigh the costs, but also to improve efficiency. If want seeding, SongTu, especially should pay attention to when weeding, stressing don’t hurt. Careful with herbicides, especially seedling period, prohibited the use of herbicides, it may make the survival of seedlings to death.

 

At the same time in the rows planted legume forages high protein, such as alfalfa, repens, etc, can make the natural enemies in the weeds beneficial than pests occur early 1 ~ 2 generations. When the insect pests in the tree blackberry on occurs, the natural enemy can control its development. Until June, “complete task” beneficial weeds death, these pests transfer to the natural enemy of the legume forages continue to multiply, make the pests always get the full development, also XingBuCheng hazards.

 

Most of the tree blackberry varieties in the north winter need protection buried soil.

 

In the second year of the type and crawl to colonize half upright type variety should be important step-stone, support materials needed than a grape cost savings.

 

13, disasters have? How to prevent and control?

 

(a), disease

 

Tree blackberry is disease resistance, disease is less. Main is stem rot disease, the second is powdery mildew.

 

1, stem rot disease commonly occur in new shoots, new shoots first to the sun is apart from the ground near a dark gray appear like burns, disease spot, with the expansion of disease, leaf, petioles become yellow, wither, serious when the whole plant to die.

 

Prevention and treatment: growth period, spraying topsin-m 500 times liquid 2 ~ 3 times prevention; Autumn cleaning the field, will cut the concentration of disease burned down, and eliminate pathogen.

 

2, powdery mildew disease leaves a layer of white with powder which is, and which leaves distortion or curly; Sometimes leaf does not appear white powder content, and displays the leaf immersion macular w.; New shoots a slender was pointed rat tail shape. Serious stylish tip growth dwarfs, fruits, sometimes also can infect. Prevention and treatment: growth period, spraying 2% of 120 farmers 150 ~ 200 times liquid water, or 25% powder rust better 1000 ~ 1500 times liquid 2 ~ 3 times prevention; Autumn cleaning the field, will disease leaves disease cut branches on burned, eliminate pathogen.

 

(2) and pests

 

1, liu bats moth beginning may hatch the eggs, larvae defoliation wormhole porosity out of in the phloem, mostly HuanShi week, bite of wood shavings, feces with silk stick together, easy to find and differential. Fell asleep easily broken branches and death. Prevention and treatment: from may to July in larva stage spraying pyrethroid drug 2 ~ 3 times, pest control; 10 months before they killed branches cut off destroyed. Early spring exhibition leaf stage spraying pyrethroid drugs kill larvae; Autumn cleaning the field, will the results of mother cut concentrated burned, eliminate pathogen.

 

Plant diseases and insect pests should be based on local actual condition, the high, pollution-free, with green food standards of pesticides, flexible handle in time.

 

(3), natural disasters

 

1, burning red berries, in our country the north cultivation, the cold resistance of strong, is not easy to suffer from late frost and ZaoShuang damage, but in the fruit mature from July to August, it is in the north of high temperature and rainy season, fruit, can suffer from burning, general top heads of apex 1 ~ 2 fruit easy to suffer.

 

 born of prevention and cure, leave don’t cut too long branch, adjust good results mother branch density, make fruit don’t directly under the exposure to the sun.

 

Note: this method is of the general plant growing way. Because of the geography and climate conditions across different, in local plant trees blackberry be combined with the actual situation of local reference use this plant method.

Cooking oil and that cooking oil, cooking oil or Fried oil, a liquid at room temperature, good fluidity, Fried cakes and Fried dough sticks, etc in food oil free solidification, frost can’t afford. Cooking oil is lubricious weak and good flavor, cooking or Fried when under high temperature (190 ℃–200 ℃) not easy the creation oxidation thermal decomposition, hot polymerization phenomenon.

 

Salad oil and that cold oil, can be directly mix in the cold dishes edible, the food industry commonly used mayonnaise, fish, shellfish can add come on, this oil consumption will directly affect the cold dishes and food flavor, taste and appearance, so for its freshness, flavor, colour and lustre are all required more strict. Owing to considering storage and transportation factors, salad oil also ask to have very high thermal stability and flavor stability.

 

Cooking oil and salad oil in nature have some similarities. Generally speaking, cooking oil is mainly for cooking, Fried foods with, salad oil major is used with the cold. In both the processing method have the features. Cooking oil to cloud point and the requirements of freezing point is not so strict, and this salad oil to kept under strict control. Salad oil must be after the winter is the mention of liquid, after fat lubricious weak senior grease. Both in the body of the digestion and absorption of no big distinction. But salad oil contains linoleic acid number commonly used high oil made of winter, can reduce human serum cholesterol. Salad oil not as Fried oil use, but can use oil, fry.

Health oil to see linoleic acid content

 

According to suppliers b2b directories relevant experts, evaluation of cooking oil quality mainly to see one of the saturated fatty acids and of the unsaturated fatty acid content. Excess intake of saturated fatty acids will be a lot of harm to human body, so is often called the image of the “bad fats”, and not saturated fatty acid because can effectively prevent cardiovascular disease, also known as “good fat” quilt. Therefore, the unsaturated fatty acid content of the how much people start to become the quality evaluation standard of cooking oil.

 

Suppliers b2b directories research shows that oil contains unsaturated fatty acid can prevent sclerosis of arterial congee appearance, lowering blood fat and the content of serum cholesterol, prevent the blood not often solidified softening vessels, arterial, improve blood circulation, adjust the heart and the aging of the endocrine system, and indirect restore nerve function and so on cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases have very good effect. Edible can promote children’s brain development and bone growth, the pregnant woman eat can increase breast milk, beneficial to the normal development of the fetus. But part of the unsaturated fatty acids such as linoleic acid, can’t by human body to synthesis, shall take from foods in photography, so linoleic acid content of high and low and evaluation index of class one of cooking oil.

 

Safflower oil was nutrition areas think “linoleic acid king”, linoleic acid content can achieve 85% above, known in the champions league in the cooking oil. In addition, sunflower seed oil of linoleic acid content is not low, and the cost of oil sunflower seeds of safflower oil is a bit low, more suitable for the general public consumption, it is a new generation of family nutritional edible oil representative. High quality sunflower seed oil contains rich natural vitamin E. Natural vitamin E has antioxidant properties, it can restrain the body of lipid peroxidation generation and precipitation. Often eat high quality sunflower seed oil can slow the aging, make skin moist, elastic, reached by inside and outside the natural beauty of the effect. So natural vitamin E is also producing high-grade hairdressing cosmetic one of the important raw materials. Sunflower seed oil also contain vitamin B, can treat depression, memory loss and insomnia, etc. The other according to expert introduction, European and American people often eat of olive oil is also a kind of linoleic acid content is higher of cooking oil, our country also have on market sale, this oil can eat, can also be used as a cosmetics, is also beneficial to human body.

Brown rice’s back and belly (with embryos side) each have two vertical groove, containing a deep ditch back. Brown rice shape for different varieties with elongated, long round, elliptical and short round, etc. Brown rice is the valley of the skin, aleurone layer, embryo and endosperm together.

 

Valley by peel and kind of skin is a skin, contained a lot of cellulose, and contain fat, protein, minerals, vitamins and the composition such as pigment.

 

Aleurone layer is by the polygons large cell, which is located in the valley between the skin and endosperm, and husk link closely, most often when processing with the husk to run. Rice bran is the husk and aleurone layer is composed. Aleurone layer contains cellulose, protein, fat, minerals and vitamins.

 

The most most of brown rice endosperm, is the main part of edible. Endosperm contains a lot of starch, and contains a number of protein and a small amount of minerals and vitamins. Starch is the main components of rice, content for rice about 80% of the total amount.

 

The hardness of rice endosperm because of varieties different, say commonly, hardness higher than japonica rice method was, the former is higher than the early rice.

 

Eggs contain a large number of protein, fat, and contains minerals, vitamins and cellulose, soluble sugar composition etc. The vitamin content for the whole grain of rice vitamin content of about 56%.

 

Embryos in process take off, the higher the degree of grinding, take off the embryo thoroughly. The proportion of rice embryo accounts for the smaller, rice yield is higher.

 

To sum up, the purpose is to eat rice endosperm thing, husk and embryos to run the more thoroughly, the higher the accuracy of rice, the quality, the better. But endosperm contains composition to most is starch, and other nutrients such as vitamins and minerals, fat and protein with most of the part of skin, embryo and the aleurone layer to get run over. Especially high precision of rice, these nutrient loss is bigger and thus the proper maintenance of the outer part of rice material, not only can increase the white rice yield, and improve the nutritional value, but from the foreign trade easy perspective, precision is decided to rice quality subprime important factors, so for export rice still require a higher precision

(a) according to the classification of tea in season

 

1. Upon the: commonly known as TouShui tea or spring son tea, according to the time and can be divided into early spring (clarity around), late spring (grain rain before and after) in which, in order to make a green tea bag and the best. Tea in general, with the quality of the tea and winter upon the price and the market demand for the best. But although upon the high yield and benefit and harvest, but because of the excessive concentration time, labor in the short period needs great, easy cause serious shortage of labor, that not only high wages, more easily because Labour shortages and delay gather or thereby reducing the tea quality. Upon the production accounts for thirty-five percent of the total output of Taiwan.

 

2. Summer tea: commonly known as TouShui summer or two water tea, tea plucking period for in late may to June before and after the summer solstice of mining. Because of the high temperature of summer season strong sunshine, the climate will make tea tree leaves GuSeWei material content in improving, aroma is low, the tea quality and low, plus the climate is hot, bag kind of tea consumption less, lead to the price is low, even don’t apply the production cost and a slow-moving pressure. Taiwan in the summer by two tea, black tea and oolong Kennedy used to manufacture the best quality tea. Although upon the price high quality is good, but as with oolong tea is the best summer tea, because of the summer climate hot air temperature is high, tea in the tea tree content is higher, buds also relatively hypertrophy, white hair thick. Summer tea production accounts for thirty-five percent of production.

 

3. Autumn tea: first pick period in late August to the middle of September, accounting for fifteen percent of the total output of tea. Autumn production period, the tea quality and market demand is ascension, but low yield, often do not apply needs, and yield very unstable. The second autumn tea commonly known as the millennium bamboo shoots, picking period in late September to late October, the production yield of ten percent of total output.

 

4. Winter tea: commonly known as winter piece of tea, picking period after the autumnal equinox in late November to early December, due to inclement weather, yield very unstable. Tea tea tree growth of winter is tea tree flowering growth and fruit growth season, and the most nutrients flowering and fruit growth supply, therefore cause sprout rate is low and the low yield, yunnan and Taiwan only teach the warm climate region have gather.

 

(2) in manufacturing acid leaven classification program

 

The so-called acid leaven means the air into the role diachyma cells, cause of complex chemical changes, and growth of the special flavor for all kinds of tea, especially half acid leaven tea is most important. When tea to leaven the main role acid action that is “mix”, tiny force with both hands to turn tea tea mutual friction cause picture of cells damaged, in order to make the air inside can seep into the leaf, the tea (tea) from took off to wrap, acid leaven role will continue.

 

1 not condemned by acid leaven tea: scientific name is green tea, it is completely without fermented tea. Have, GuaPian, “biluochun” longjing and export primarily ZhuCha, and eyebrow tea, Fried tea. No acid leaven out of the bubble tea tea with yellow or green green, with fresh vegetables taste or seaweed sweet.

 

2 all condemned by acid leaven tea: scientific name is black tea, which is a completely fermentation of the tea. According to variety of black tea and can be divided into lobules Assam black tea (big leaf kind of) two, if press shape can be divided into “strip black tea” and “broken form black tea”. The bubble out of red tea, with the aroma of isomaltooligosaccharide.

 

3 and a half condemned by acid leaven tea: that is commonly known as the oolong tea, also is the oolong tea. This kind of half acid leaven tea only Chinese talents will manufacture, is the most unique Chinese tea. And can be divided into light acid leaven tea (packet kind of tea kind) and heavy acid leaven tea, light acid leaven, ShanBao kind of tea has tea, white tea, frozen top, the pine often oolong tea, tea, tieguanyin tea, mingde wuyi and narcissus and several kinds. Heavy acid leaven tea have oolong tea, puer tea.

 

4. After the leaven acid tea: is after steam after Kim photoluminescence Fried green tea again compressed into tea cake or ChaZhuan shape, suitable for long distance transportation or long-term storage, such as yunnan puer tea, TuoCha all belong to such. ; after period of time, after the leaven out of tea brewing acid by amber brown reddish brown turn dark red, dry fruit aroma also gradually change by for tea, Chen, the storage time and because of the length of the differences.

Oolong tea kind: quality characteristics: green leaves red edge xiang xiang fragrant, taste mellow, fresh cool back to Kennedy

 

The basic process: ━ ━ green leaf sun liang ━ ━ green green wave ━ ━ filming RouNian dry

 

Oolong tea is also called the oolong tea, beginning from the early Ming dynasty, is now in fujian, Taiwan and eastern guangdong when making fresh leaf fermentation degree of the clever control, all the green tea and black tea with the bite of strong alcohol

 

Fujian is the birthplace of oolong tea, wuyi rock tea, anxi tieguanyin is famous, wuyi rock tea produced in wuyi mountain area well, recognition of the rock DaGongPao, hui YuanYan iron arhat, white head and GuYan haze of water JinGui, known as the four big name fir, oolong tea according to the raw materials from different varieties, tea tree leaf and processed the and product is oolong tea, oolong tea by the phoenix in the guangdong fresh leaf tea tree species for is made, according to fresh leaves source of raw material, divided into phoenix narcissus into tea, phoenix single fir (such as honey spearmint, etc), the phoenix wave tea three series, Taiwan produce of frozen oolong tea also enjoys a high reputation in Taiwan oolong tea bag outside of except as otherwise white hair for the first and only Taiwan oolong, by international tea industry as the “Oriental beauty”.

 

The buds, LAN: origin: anxi fujian

 

Appearance: cords and a half “even colour and lustre arenaceous green

 

Tang: golden bright

 

Aroma: pure rich

 

Taste: GanShuang mellow

 

Color: the origin: anxi fujian

 

Appearance: cords and colour and lustre green even face strong oil moisten

 

Tang: golden bright

 

Aroma: thou thin sharp

 

Taste: mellow back to Kennedy

 

Hairy crab king: origin: anxi fujian

 

Appearance: of the cable tight knot infarction round, not head pointed, colour and lustre is brown green is smooth

 

Tang: green yellow or yellow

 

Aroma: thou with the jasmine flower is sweet

 

Taste: pure slightly thick

 

ZhiLan sweet (phoenix single fir) : origin: guangdong tide Ann, etc

 

Appearance: a rotund strong “, the color green brown SAN embellish

 

Tang: orange bright and clear

 

Aroma: rich high long

 

Taste: fresh cool back to Kennedy strong alcohol

 

Is the mountain: origin: fujian wuyi mountain star village close paulownia wood area

 

Appearance: FeiShi cords

 

Color: the embellish

 

Tang: red thick

 

Aroma: sweet with high long SongYan

 

Taste: full-bodied

 

Red broken tea (broken broken) : origin: yunnan wind a tea factory

 

Appearance: tight and well heavy solid particles

 

Color: the embellish

 

Tang: red aroma: GaoRui lasting

 

Taste: fresh cool thicker is strong

 

M brick: origin: hubei ZhaoLiQiao tea processing factory

 

Appearance: brick piece of specifications for 23.7 cm x 2 cm weighs 1.125 kg, brick was ZeWu embellish, brick form four corners level off, the surface is smooth

 

Tang: scarlet

 

Aroma: pure

 

Taste: understated

 

Phoenix narcissus: origin: guangdong tide Ann, etc

 

Appearance: cords straight hypertrophy

 

Color: a light brown eels oil moisten have light

 

Tang: orange

 

Taste: strong alcohol back to Kennedy, ShanYun chicken flavor show

 

HuangZhi sweet (phoenix single fir) : origin: guangdong tide Ann, etc

 

Appearance: of the cable tight and the stronger, color brown skin like eels oil moisten has a point

 

Tang: orange bright and clear

 

Aroma: clear and fragrant, county natural fragrance of flowers

 

Taste: strong alcohol GanShuang

 

DaGongPao: origin: fujian wuyi mountain heavenly heart rock

 

Appearance: of the cable tight and fat, even, with distorted bar, CuiRun arenaceous green

 

Tang: bright orange

 

Bouquet: fragrant with forever, rock show charm

 

Taste: mellow back to Kennedy, lubrication dish

 

Cinnamon: origin: fujian wuyi mountain

 

Appearance: the article even, tight and curly

 

Color: brown green oil moisten

 

Tang: orange is clear

 

Aroma: XinRui lasting, cinnamon sweet obvious

 

Taste: with milk taste mellow back to Kennedy

 

Where the old narcissus: origin: fujian wuyi mountain

 

Appearance: of the cable tight knot is heavy, and YeDuan distortion, colour and lustre is oil moisten AnSha green

 

Tang: orange is clear

 

Aroma: strong county orchid scent

 

Taste: mellow back to Kennedy

 

Gold medal GuanYinWang: origin: fujian Ann

 

Appearance: a spiral, round “of heavy, arenaceous green CuiRun

 

Tang: golden bright

 

Aroma: thou fragrant, county natural orchid sweet

 

Taste: mellow pleasant delicacy, lubrication and refreshing, lingering

 

Tieguanyin: origin: anxi fujian

 

Appearance: cords curly strong knot, heavy, a green with green head, abdominal dragonflies, colour and lustre is smooth, arenaceous green show red illuminate, leaves frost strap

 

Tang: golden gaudy clear

 

Aroma: Fu thick pleasant delicacy, with honey taste

 

HuangJinGui: origin: anxi fujian

 

Appearance: cords fine tight golden light color embellish

 

Tang: golden bright

 

Aroma: elegant fresh take osmanthus fragrance

 

Taste: and pleasant delicacy

Corn oil and says maize oil, corn embryos from the extraction of oil. Corn in the embryo in like fat a range of 17% to 45%, accounting for about 80% of the total amount of corn fat, so, corn embryos is a good resource rich system oil raw materials. Corn is a kind of high quality edible vegetable oil, it contains 86% unsaturated fatty acid, of which 56% are linoleic acid, the human body the absorption rate of 97% above; It contains rich vitamin E and d raw meat E is a kind of natural antioxidant, in a lot of oil in the food in order to prevent oxidation need special join vitamin E. Vitamin E to human body cell division, delay ageing have certain effect. The oil of the corn oil hair in vitamin E is second only to the wheat germ oil and deodorization still contain oil the heavy after 0.8% ~ 1.2% in corn oil and a small number of auxiliary-its antioxidant properties; Contains the valley steroids and phosphatide, have prevent aging effect, can reduce the body bad cholesterol, enhance body muscle and the heart, blood vessels system function, improve the body’s ability to resist.

 

The fatty acids in corn oil because triacylglycerols are regular arrangement, so structural stability; At the same time, generally in the role of light oil, can make its acceleration chlorophyll oxidation, and corn oil no chlorophyll, so corn oil and more stable. In view of the above reasons, corn oil even in depth Fried is rather stability when than other oil has a longer shelf life.

 

Corn oil golden in color transparent infested scent, very suitable for fast boil fry and Fried oil, it can keep vegetables and food color, smell, and no loss of nutritional value.

 

Corn oil linoleic acid content is rich, the pharmaceutical industry is made on the life better, such as pulse pharmaceutical raw materials. The use of corn germ began in the press, 1890 trial production, 20 years later batch investment market. Because of its raw material processing is the by-product of the corn, abundant resources, more favorable conditions, development to the 1970 s, with the annual production capacity of 200000 tons has. Other countries such as in the world in fresh, Mexico and Yugoslavia also have certain scale of production.

 

Global manufacturers use corn germ press start later, liaoning province from 1978 onwards, each production quantity and only 1500 ~ 2000 tons, accounted for only 8% of the corn government purchase quantity. China is the world’s corn second production country, most of the corn is as feed or food consumption, as wheat germ, the best of things, and the essence of the part, people are not eating, wasted a lot treasure expensive oil source. In recent years, the United States and produce two brand of high oil corn, the fat content is 6.5%. Our China agricultural university also cultivate the high oil corn varieties, the fat content is 7% ~ 9%, and the yield and maize similar. High oil corn is a genetically choice and produce corn varieties, the oil content 80% more than the average corn varieties. High oil corn germ than ordinary corn germ big a lot, with the naked eye can distinguish. High oil corn unsaturated fatty acid content high, the grease of linoleic acid content 2 ~ 3 times as much as an average corn oil of linoleic acid. High fat corn yield efficiency is commonly 6% ~ 8%, although than ordinary jade m raised, still was in the low contain oil, when production only commonly squeeze method or carbon dioxide to super critical extraction.

 

Global manufacturers corn germ of resources are very rich, if can be to promote the production corn oil, that could open up new vegetable oil source, get high quality, be beneficial to human body health of oil, and can get to protein, its meaning is very great.

A, commodity description:

 

Castor seeds from castor oil (oil around 50%). The seed benevolence after shell oil content as high as nearly 70%, including protein 18% or so. Castor oil is the only in order to contain amino acid (mainly by the commodity grease. The main producing area for castor Brazil, India and the former Soviet union, our provinces are planting.

 

Castor oil contains a large number of castor acid (80%), so with many unique properties:

 

1. Easy to dissolve in ethanol, it is difficult to dissolve in petroleum ether. The existence of this feature will be more easily with other oils castor oil difference.

 

2. Than general oil viscosity is much higher, 25 to 680 when CPS, viscosity index 84, friction coefficient is low (0.1).

 

At the same time castor oil insoluble in gasoline, low freezing point, high flash point. Castor oil flow is good, refined castor oil in-and still might flow,-50 urgent cold without any muddy, is aviation and high-speed mechanical ideal lubricating oil and power of the belt last.

 

3. Have very strong rotatory sex because its main fatty acids-castor alkyd the asymmetric carbon atoms after the 12.

 

4. The dielectric constant of about 4.30, the highest of oil is common.

 

5. Castor oil relative density and acetyl value is more than average grease.

 

6. Castor oil in the air oxidation almost not rancidity, storage stability, it is typical of sexual liquid oil.

 

Castor oil physical and chemical constant:

 

The relative density (d20 ℃ 4 ℃) 0.9550-0.9700

 

The refractive index (n20 ℃ D) 1.4765-1.4819

 

Viscosity (E020 ℃) than to 14

 

Freezing point (℃). 18

 

Flash point (℃) 322

 

Iodine value (g iodine / 100 g oil) 82-86

 

Saponification value (mgKOH/g oil) 176-187

 

Sulfur cyanogen value 81-82

 

Total fatty acids content (%) of about 96

 

Average molecular weight of fatty acid 290-300

 

Castor oil composition of fatty acid (%) :

 

Stearic acid 0.5-3.0

 

2 the stearic acid (0.6 2.0

 

Oleic acid 3-9

 

Linoleic acid 2.0-3.5

 

Castor acid 80-88

 

Castor oil can’t be eaten. High economic value, it is medicinal cathartic; Textile, chemical industry and light industry departments with castor oil for help dye, lubricants, increase the plastic punishment, emulsification punishment and manufacturing coating, paint, soap and printing ink of the raw material.

 

Castor oil in the strong sulfuric acid treatment have on the surface activity good sulfuric acid ester (known as Turkey GongYou). Castor oil dehydration can be got with product of conjugate double-bond GanXingYou fat. In different hydrogenated conditional processing can get a variety of castor oil products, so castor oil is widely used in various industrial department. The most pure compounds castor oil to single acid triacylglycerols, in the common of oil only olive oil (including 80% of oleic acid), safflower (more than 70% linoleic acid) and tung oil (containing about 85% of gendarmerie acid have the characteristics.

 

Castor oil content in the saponification not less than 1%. Vitamin content low (0.05).

 

Castor oil content high, due to the use of oil is different, so take oil method is different, medicinal castor oil use cold pressing hydraulic press, the temperature is not more than 50, or part of the impurities in the oil will dissolve into and cannot be medicinal. With the cold pressing the oil called 1 castor oil. The bread after smashing pressing or leaching again to making 3 castor oil (not 2) for industrial use. Screw press machine with direct press, or to use pre-press-leaching have been castor oil only as industrial oil.

 

Castor seed

 

A, commodity description:

 

Castor is the annual euphorbiaceae, castor genera. Name and hemp seed. Originating in Egypt, Ethiopia and India, then transplanted to Brazil, Thailand, Argentina, the United States. Our country is composed of cultivation of castor India to, about 1400 years of history. The biggest producer castor for Brazil, followed by India, China and Thailand.

 

Castor in our plant distribution not significantly division. Its south, north on hainan island has the cultivation of heilongjiang are to the Yellow River and the Yangtze river basin’s most widely distributed.

 

Castor like thrive in warm conditions, low temperature easy to put the young plants or early spring into plant freezing, in growth season, if low temperature, would be late flowering mature, and reduce production and seed oil content. Therefore, in the north to pay attention to master the planting season.

 

Castor seed in classification

 

According to the general stem colour can be divided into the red and green stem stem type type; The thorn in the fruit meat for, can divide not stab type and no spines type; And according to the size of the seeds can be divided into the shape of small grain and type.

 

Castor seed’s main ingredient

 

In general, the seed water cut 6.8%, moisture 4.16% of benevolence, shell in water cut 9.5%, bulk density for 544 kilograms/stere, raw material impurity 0.75%.

 

Fruit can be divided into skin shell and seed benevolence two parts, it contains the shell of about 25-30%, the main components of the coat is cellulose, much shrink a pentose sugar, pigment, phytic acid salt and ash content, seed benevolence for seed heavy 70-75%, the main composition is oil and protein, seed and some more lively in solution of lipase.

 

The quality of the castor identification

 

See appearance, kind of skin shiny aim, a white ZhongRen of quality is good; Kind of skin has faded, dull, ZhongRen with yellow or spots, and even can be very bad taste quality time of oil.

 

By hand grasp YiBaZi grain, forcibly hold, if not the noise of the broken skin, said particles tidy, full without wasting grain, grain more are flat sound. With tooth into hard kind of skin hard sent fragile grain drying, the moisture of feeble.

 

Two, the way:

 

Castor seed than other oil well custody, because castor fruit mature easily when opened, real skin to fall off naturally, generally can reach safe water, beneficial to the storage.

 

Storage is better with castor scattered (as in the store or warehouse cushions, linoleum around up), with the wind scattered to tell my breath. Whether deposit or packaging scattered deposit, should pay attention to moistureproof, prevent broken, because the castor have ester enzyme solution, it can quickly make the fat decomposition castor become fatty acids. Decomposition of speed, as long as the store for several hours, the decomposition rate can be multiplied. Especially in the summer, decomposing speed is faster. Therefore, when the bottom to cushion sleepers or linoleum, prevent moisture absorption mildew. When the position around the rappel/abseil stations should be ventilated place. In case of moisture and mildew grain of each month string bag 1, or outdoors booth air ventilation. But avoid above 35 ℃ under the high temperature of straight bask in the sun, in case the leaching oil or rancidity.

A, commodity description:

 

Olive oil is a good GanXingYou not fat. Is the world’s most important and one of the oldest grease. Countries bordering the Mediterranean people widely used this oil.

 

Olive oil olive tree fruit from evergreen. The whole grain of fruit oil 35% 70% (dry base), its pulp oil above 75%. The shape of the olive oil and palm oil process closely related, the quality of olive oil can only use cold pressing take the legal system, and the need to FenDao high pressure from low pressure, low pressure head way of olive oil refining without income, can be eaten. Oil is a pale yellow green, with special mild a favorite fragrance and taste. And acid value low (usually, 0.2 2.0) in the low temperature (close to 10 ℃) still transparent. So low pressure head way is the ideal cold oil olive oil and cooking oil appointment.

 

The colour and lustre of olive oil with oil press pressure increases and deepen: yellow, yellow green, blue, green, and blue to blue. Colour and lustre is deep olive oleic acid high value, acid value more than 3, oil is strong and taste irritating, unfit to eat. Dark a larger proportion of olive oil. If the light color of the oil relative density (15 ℃ / 15 ℃) greater than 0.918, with other oils that. Vegetable oil containing a certain amount of olive oil, can be in olive oil contains squalene higher to make sure it’s there.

 

Olive oil is different with other vegetable oil place, and it has low iodine value and when the temperature down to 0 ℃ can also keep liquid state.

 

Olive oil contains 700 mg / 100 g oil more natural antioxidants–30 carbon six ene (squalene). Together with olive oil highly unsaturated fatty acid content is small, so the storage stability is higher.

 

Edible olive oil in physical and chemical constant:

 

The relative density (d15 ℃ 15 ℃) 0.9090-0.9150

 

The refractive index (n20 ℃ D) 1.4635-1.4731

 

Sticky degrees (E020 ℃) 11 to 13

 

Freezing point (℃) 0-3

 

Point of fatty acids (℃) 17.26

 

Clay company’s value (℃) beauty 68.5 71.6

 

Iodine value (g / 100 g iodine oil) 75-88

 

Saponification value (mgKOH/g oil) 185-196

 

Don’t saponification content (%) < 1.4

 

Average molecular weight of fatty acid 279-286

 

Edible olive oil composition of fatty acid (%) :

 

Saturated fatty acid 11.0-17.0

 

Palm oleic acid 0.2 1.8

 

Oil acid 65.8 84.9

 

Linoleic acid 3.3-17.7

 

Linolenic acid 0.3 1.3

 

Olive oil unsaturated fatty acid in high content. Using the human body to digest absorb, so high nutritional value. Olive kernel oil usually yellow, with similar almond oil of talk sweet taste. Olive kernel oil features constants are as follows:

 

The relative density of 0.9184-0.9191

 

The refractive index of 1.4663-1.4671

 

Iodine value (g / 100 g iodine oil) 86-87

 

Saponification value (mgKOH/g oil) 182-184

 

In order to get high quality olive oil, not only in the harvest the fruit can damage, and should be the fruits of the harvest in time processing take oil. If cannot be handled in time, it should be soaked in fruit salt water (concentration 6%). The first line and the second word for medical or eating cold press, and the third, fourth way cold press and leaching after proper refined oil can be made after lubrication, soap, and other industrial with grease, but not allowed to eat. In order to prevent edible, sell to join rosemary oil or other agents, to show distinction.

 

Take the olive oil squeeze residual oil in bread, by 4% 15%, and can be used for feed. Also can use carbon disulfide, and petroleum ether, benzene and chlorinated ethane and other solvents any bread leaching take oil; Use carbon disulfide as solvent extraction of olive oil for sulfide Gan pulls oil, can’t be eaten.

 

Olive oil for senior edible oils, price is higher, so often adulteration phenomenon. In order to identify, can use the following test:

 

1. Nitric acid test. Olive oil and nitric acid role in color reaction. Other oils and nitric acid role is brown.

 

2. Freezing test. There is no water in the 2 ℃ olive oil under the condition of 5.5 hours is still clear transparent place. If in 5.7 ℃ conditions appear muddy 24 hours, then there must be a lot of olive oil in doped with grease.

 

3. Determination of the oil company’s value clay beauty. Pure olive oil company’s value in the clay beauty 68.5-71.6 ℃ between. Otherwise one doping. Clay company’s value is given in beauty, under the condition of oil in the amount of ethanol (92%) and e alcohol in high temperature in the mixed solvent after dissolving, gradually cooling down to occur when the temperature of the cloudy solution numerical.

 

4. Squalene content is determined. In addition to the grease of rice bran oil squalene content is higher (300 mg / 100 g) outside, other oil content is very low. In the olive oil content is also very high, so determination squalene content is judge whether the major indexes of the olive oil tasted one.

 

The chemical composition of olive kernel oil and character and olive oil similar. Olive oil in almost completely dry. Its chemical composition with its origin and differ somewhat, air temperature is higher in areas of the oil is contained more saturated fatty acids.

 

Olive oil for a wide range of applications. Most used for cooking and eating cold, etc, also used in pharmaceutical, the cosmetics, the lubricating oil, Turkey GongYou, textile products such as oil and oil, but also can be used to make soap. Made with olive oil, foaming white soap quality of a material force is powerful, is the soap industry good material.

 

Two, the way:

 

Olive oil contains natural antioxidant polyphenols, 1-1.5 years in the shade quality unchanged, but like the other oils, unfavorable see the light and heat.

 

Olive oil to use a glass bottle container or galvanized iron production, can’t use plastic container.

 

The olive

 

A, commodity description:

 

The olive green trees for MuXi section chief, fruit called “neat trick fruit”, subtropical and temperate has ancient history of cultivated plants. The olive originated in Syria in Iraq and spreads to the west to the shores of the Mediterranean. Introduced in China since the s, and now in hubei, sichuan, shaanxi, hanzhong areas of the high yield, followed by yunnan, guangxi, hunan and jiangxi provinces.

 

The olive fruit is oval fleshy drupe, endospermic seeds. But its shape for variety and great difference, mature, fruits pale brown black. Meat for the peel spindle, hard. The epicarp and pulp firmly holds together instead, mature with meat. Oil is contained in the main in the flesh. From the pulp of oil called “olive oil”, from the grease of prominent nucleoli are called “olive kernel oil”. Ripe fruit oil rate was 15%-25%. The olive fruit can directly eat (can make the can and candied fruit and food), and it can also be used to oil production. Before the harvest olives are usually green, when fully mature more for dark brown.

 

Olive oil is light green (chlorophyll), have a fruit wenfu, contains rich vitamin, is the only fresh fruit cold system of ready-to-use grease. The method of oil demand fresh fruit cold system, on-site timely processing fruit pulp, temperature 25 ℃, or its peculiar scent flavor volatile, and color to become red, acid value rise, oil the qualitative change bad, take the bread of the meal after oil for feed.

 

Two, the way:

 

The olive harvest the fruit immediately after shipment to the load oil factory in transport, to prevent extrusion damage, some use wooden cases shipment, some leaching solution in transport, general is carrying on the day the processing, in large harvest season, such as too late processing, the domestic mostly with thin layer piled up, the lift shall not be more than 40 centimeters, general storage 3-5 days, and also prevent fresh fruit fever, mildew. The fruit storage method more abroad, to sum up: dry Tibetan, water and frozen hidden, among which the best refrigeration effect, is to put the fruit of the cold wind around 0 ℃ library, storage 3 months, the oil yield efficiency and didn’t have any effect. In addition, there are a cache, flooding, etc.; And with 3% salt water and 0.003% citric acid leaching hide.

Jasmine tea, “tea in China, where the smell of the spring can be heard” reputation.

Special molding process is refined tea or green tea after tea with jasmine flowers billet scenting tea varieties. Classification in the tea, jasmine tea is still tea.
    
Jasmine tea in green tea, based on the processing, especially senior Jasmine in the course of its processing must occur within the physical and chemical quality of the role, such as: tea polyphenols, tea tannin decomposition in wet conditions, degradation of water-insoluble proteins into amino acids, green tea drinking can weaken the astringent feeling, functional change, the mellow taste of fresh concentrated, more catchy, which is north like to drink jasmine tea one of the reasons. Essentially similar kinds of tea, its health, its own unique features, green tea, jasmine tea addition to some performance, but also has many health benefits of green tea does not have. Jasmine tea “to Han Xie, Assistant Yu” is the top grade spring tea.

Lights in accordance with modern medicine and pharmacology study of the health benefits that tea: tea bitter, sweet, cool, heart, liver, spleen, lung, kidney, the Five Classics. Tea can suffer diarrhea, remove dampness, pathogenic fire; willing to benefit ease; cool to heat purging fire of the table. Tea contains a large number of compounds beneficial to human health. Such as: catechin, vitamin C, A, caffeine, flavanols, polyphenols, etc., and jasmine tea also contains a large number of aromatic oils, geraniol, orange pepper alcohols, esters and other 20 kinds of compounds in clove. According to the unique adsorption properties of tea and jasmine incense spit features, after a series of process processing scenting jasmine tea, green tea, rich and refreshing while maintaining a natural flavor, and full of spirit fragrance of fresh jasmine, so it is our country and the world Modern best natural health drinks.

“Chinese Dictionary” and reads: Jasmine with “qi Gloomy, the provision of foul and the” effect, and diarrhea, abdominal pain, conjunctivitis and sore so has a good anti-inflammatory role of detoxification. Consumption of a variety of jasmine, a Liver eyesight, thirst, expectorant anti-malaria, through the convenience of water, expelling wind and relieving, fistula treatment, strong teeth, Qi Li, lowering blood pressure, cardiac, dental caries radiation damage, anti- cancer, anti-aging effect, people live longer, physical and mental health.

Other: Japanese company Ito Park recently with the cooperation of Kyoto University, Institute of Agriculture study found that: jasmine tea calming tea, can enhance productivity.

Research team to 10 21 to 36-year-old male or female as the object of experimental study, experimental results show that the results of this jasmine tea. In this experiment has confirmed the result is: the tea flavor with a reduced number of heart rate and makes the role of parasympathetic hyperactivity and sedation. Studies suggest that, in the case of urgent need, usually made by high concentrations of extract Chacha scent of jasmine on the basis of the hobby, the love of the sedative effect of moving a large system, but only for hobby people have high sedative effect. In addition, low concentrations of tea flavor, because of different hobbies, love moving on the impact of small systems. This is a direct reflection of tea, jasmine tea flavor and aroma components of the physiological role of the larger. The ultimate conclusion is that the tea scent of jasmine tea, physically and psychologically different groups have sedative effects.

 

(1) preferred package of oil to choose the bulk oil.

 (2) to see color and shelf life. Color the more light, indicating the higher the degree of refining, oil and the more pure, crystal clear that the oil, contains less harmful impurities. Date of purchase from the production date as possible.

 (3) The need to buy. Mixed raw salad vegetables election, election style cooking cooking oil, cooking oil used interchangeably, fried chicken, fried fish frying oil selection.

 ★ How to identify the quality of edible vegetable oil?

 Identify the quality of edible vegetable oils are the main method:

 (1) observation of the transparency of oil. Transparency of good quality vegetable oil, water, impurities less. For 24 hours after the clear and transparent, not cloudy, no precipitation, no suspension. On the contrary, the quality is poor.

 (2) observation of the oil color. Good quality peanut oil was light yellow or clear yellow; soybean oil is dark yellow; rapeseed oil in a little green to yellow or golden yellow, cottonseed oil is pale yellow.

 (3) smell the smell of oil. Stick a finger in a little oil, put on the palm, rub after the smell of their odor. In addition to good quality oil should have its own smell, in general, there is no other smell. If odor, indicating poor quality or the occurrence of oil deterioration.

 (4) taste. Chopsticks clean of oil, wipe Bianqi taste on the tongue. Quality oil without smell normal. Such as oil bitter, spicy, sour, taste then the hemp oil has been so bad, there are pills only to discover the oil quality is not good.

 (5) Heating identification. Water heating a large edible vegetable oil will be a lot of foam, and issued a “squeak, squeak” sound. Fumes are choking bitter spicy, indicating that the oil is rancidity. Little good quality oil should bubble and disappear quickly.