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Services automotive machine shop for manufacturing heavy machinery, including machines for the job of turning, grinding, polishing, turning, and welding, cutting, the use of lasers and precision machining. Services include the provision of repair of defective parts and also provide new parts, if the old and the parts are not repairable. If new parts, their actions are not good, in May have to redesign and remanufacture them. This may, at the same time, become a complicated task. The redesign and manufacture of complex parts such as crankshafts, connecting rods, pistons, camshafts and requires much experience. Usually, the need to manufacture new parts arises in the case of older vehicles or vintage, including the production of May were arrested with the introduction of new models.

Mechanical engineers and mechanical workshops are experts in all types of repair from a simple adjustment to advance the problem-solving techniques. They must understand the process of manufacture and operation of all engine parts – pistons, pins, rings, bars, gel plug gaskets, seals, game time, oil pump, oil pan, accuracy, transmission systems electrical and engine control computer.

These stores offer repair services for vehicles with accessories, engines, chassis, tires and other parts have become dysfunctional due to normal wear. Furthermore, vehicles in May, have been involved in accidents or rash driving.

The need for the May bumps, paint, brake repair, and care for electrical / electronic systems, which may involve the analysis of experts, a diagnosis of the causes of damage and repair. The diagnosis and analysis can be done through the identification and use of test and measurement tools needed for overhaul.

Staff must be paid in full to all the practices necessary to keep the environment clean. They must understand the need to use water-based cooling and refrain from using toxic cleaning products for cleaning and absorbing chlorinated solvents. They can use chlorinated solvents for cleaning aluminum. Also be used pressurized water before the cleaning of the spray vehicle instead of caustic liquid jet.

In addition to keeping the floor clean and catch leaks before touching the ground, professionals must also clean up small spills immediately non-chlorinated with a towel. This is very economical, since the spill can be stored for reuse until the absorption capacity of the left. The owners also must obtain permission from their local wastewater before leaving their waste sewer cleaning word.

These shops undertake repair of automobiles, which involves cleaning of air filters, oil filters and tanks, washing and dust and other buildup in the engine and the vehicle body. These activities release large amounts of fat and oil, which are hazardous to the environment, and therefore must be disposed of properly. Owners should not throw the cleaning products such as ethylene chloride or oils and lubricants, drain or sewer, septic tanks or sewers. They are subject to penalties if they are caught doing it.

This is not Huawei’s first overseas expansion being questioned. Questioned not for its technology, but for its “background”.

March 28, the Australian government to ban Huawei from bidding the Australian National Broadband Project. The foreign media has repeatedly rendering Huawei CEO Ren Chinese military background, which may pose a security risk to Australia’s network operators.

Huawei expressed regret that the Australian Government’s decision. Huawei’s media affairs department official said in an interview March 30: “We decided to open the source code of the device.” She paused and added: “We have already flashed the cards, then look at how to respond to Australia . ”

Open source precedent

Huawei to tender by the Australian National Broadband Network Project (NBN) is the largest nation-building project. NBN’s total investment of $ 35.9 billion after five years, it will make 93% of Australian households benefited.

Piece of cake to make Huawei, France’s Alcatel-Lucent and other companies in the telecommunications equipment suppliers salivate. Huawei has obvious advantages in this competition. It has the world’s only 9 NBN project, the successful 8. Moreover, all the major operators in Australia have cooperation with Huawei.

However, the end of last year, Australia began to spread is not conducive to the voice of the Huawei bid for the project. According to local media reports, the Australian Department of Justice Deputy Secretary Tony Sean (TonySheehan,) was straightforward for Huawei said, “Do not waste the effort to bid.

In March this year, the Australian Department of Justice has once again issued a similar opinion. Therefore, the decision announced by the Australian Government on the 28th does not make Huawei accident.

Huawei expressed will open the source code of the device. In fact, the response to precedent. In 2010, Huawei bid on a wireless network project in India. The Indian side also came not to trust the voice. At that time, Huawei has expressed its willingness to open source to the Indian government.

“At that time, the concerns of the Government of India is not only one for Huawei,” Huawei insider recalls, “but only if we open the source code, which is the other Western companies have not done.”

For telecom equipment vendors, source code belongs to the company’s trade secrets. In the face of foreign commercial acts of discrimination, Huawei voluntarily accept the bare inspection “maximum extent of the release of sincerity.

“Because we want to develop the local market, and Huawei has been uphold the corporate culture is closer to customer demand.” Above Huawei person to explain the motivation of open source. In the end, the Government of India lifted the ban on Huawei equipment.

But Australia has not yet been made on Huawei’s open-source behavior of positive feedback. In this regard, Huawei has shown very calm. “We are not particularly dependent on the NBN project, our biggest overseas markets in Europe and the Middle East.” Huawei insider said.

Sino-Australian relations are not affected

“On the surface this is a commercial event, but it is the political logic behind,” Hu Zhiyong, an associate researcher at the Institute of relations between countries of the Shanghai Academy of Social Sciences, said that Australia follow the United States. ”

Economic and trade exchanges between the two countries are very close. Australia as a TPP (one of the TheTrans the-PacificPartnership, Trans-Pacific Strategic Partnership Agreement), the nine member states.

United States and Australia “honeymoon” is obviously not conducive to the Sino-Australian relations. According to the Australia national media reports, Huawei found that Obama’s visit to Australia after last November, the relationship between Huawei and the Australian Government was cool.

Previously, Huawei mobile broadband network in the U.S. investment and mergers and acquisitions efforts of the U.S. network communications company also has been unfavorable. The reasons given by the United States is also concerned about Ren’s military background will be a threat to U.S. national security.

“We are a 100% private enterprise,” said Huawei insider, “there is no military background.”

“This is the commercial behavior of political,” said Hu Zhiyong. He believes that U.S. restrictions on high-tech enterprises to enter the local market is too harsh. United States not only a threat to national security grounds, the Chinese enterprises in the door, and not allowed the country’s high-tech exports to China.

Pursue easing on investment in China, Australia, after all, unlike the United States. Australian domestic or heard a voice of support for Huawei. Australian Foreign Minister Carr (BobCarr,) said publicly: “I will urge Huawei continue to expand its business in Australia, not to be the decision bound.”

Although Australia Shanghai Chamber of Commerce refused to comment on the Huawei banned, but the Australian Embassy spokesman told this reporter: “Sino-Australian friendship over 40 years will not be affected by the impact of events.”

Mobile phones have come a long way since its introduction more than 30 years. Once a rarity it is now rare to find someone who does not have a mobile phone.

Originally designed as a means to communicate with people while on the go, today we are becoming a part of life that few people will want to give up.

What was once just a means to talk to people, modern mobile phones can now send photos, text messages, SMS, email, sounds and video clips mobile now at each other. They have become the latest mini PC and include megapixel digital cameras, web browsers, digital camcorders, PDAs, personal planners, instant messaging and more.

It is easy to see why people sometimes feel naked when suddenly realize they have left their mobile phones at home.

Registration and delivery of mobile video is the favorite to be more popular than sending an SMS text message. Using this new technology is limited only by your imagination and creativity. Images can be much more powerful than words alone.

For example: You’re sitting at your desk at work in a building without windows, your boss has said the project has spent the last six months and older is to be left out, your feeling down, but then suddenly You have a new message on her mobile phone. You open it to see his wife just sent a video of your baby taking its first crawl across the floor. Suddenly, life makes sense again.

You’re in a bar having a drink with colleagues when suddenly, your favorite celebrity walks in. Eager to share this moment with your friends quickly leave your mobile phone, record the time and send it to your friends instantly for them to see.

Do not miss the opportunity is a provider of mobile content soon created their own videos for mobile phones ranging from Happy Birthday “messages of love,” “Music Videos for cartoon” video clips.

Videos for mobile phones are becoming increasingly popular not only for personal enjoyment, but as you can send messages to friends and family. Whatever the occasion, there is a video clip right mobile phone for you.

Power storage is an important means to solve the peak power shortage. Applied Power accumulator for energy storage technology is to ensure that the use of electric power quality, reduce power investment and operating costs, further electricity supply system peak load shifting, “the necessary means.

In recent years, the electricity storage technology propaganda to increase application volume increased year by year, the residential community developers have a better understanding of the electricity storage technology and energy-saving operation, some of the strength of the developer started in this area exploration, high-end residential area of power storage technology as big a market.

With the continuous economic growth, the residential area of ​​significantly improved a great deal of pressure to the peak power supply. Therefore, the electric power storage technology, widely used in public buildings in residential buildings application. Among them, the valley electric storage, for the life of the application of hot water more obvious advantage. Since the efficiency of electric heating is almost close to 100%, while the vast majority of families or higher unit heat price of city gas, Valley Electric units heat energy costs will not be higher than gas.

Power accumulator widely used in residential areas, but also requires power companies, the joint efforts of the parties to the design units, equipment manufacturers, installation and use of management units. Power companies should take the initiative to the guidance and service; the design unit should be carefully designed; equipment manufacturers to develop more products to cheap; construction and installation of the unit should ensure that the quality of construction. The same time, construction installation is complete, strengthening management and technical training for managers, with good storage facilities, make it the best use of performance.

Electronics is the branch of science, engineering and technology that deals with electrical circuits involving active electrical components such as vacuum tubes, transistors, diodes, integrated circuits and interconnect technologies associated liabilities. The nonlinear behavior of active components and its ability to control the flow of electrons allows the amplification of weak signals and applies generally to information and signal processing. Similarly, the ability of electronic devices to act as switches makes possible the processing of digital information. Interconnect technologies such as electronic circuit boards, packaging technology, and various other forms of functional communication infrastructure and transform the complete circuit components in a mixed system of work.

A gadget is a small technological object that has a particular function, but is often considered a novelty. Gadgets are always considered more or cleverly designed specifically to normal technological objects at the time of their invention. The gadget is also known as gadgets.

The electronics are different from the mechanical electrical and electronics science and technology, which deals with the production, distribution, switching, storage and conversion of electrical energy from energy forms and other types cables, motors, generators, batteries, switches, relays, transformers, resistors and other passive components. This distinction started around 1906 with the invention of Lee De Forest triode, which was the electrical amplification of weak radio signals and audio signals possible with a mechanical device. Until 1950, this area is called radio technology, as its main application is the design and theory of radio transmitters, receivers and vacuum tubes.

Agilent Technologies Inc. (NYSE: A) today announced that: Agilent E6621A PXT Wireless Communications Test Set have a go at the Barcelona Mobile World Congress mixed networks of SK Telecom demo platform. SK Telecom, the solution is to enable the two networks of different technologies and frequency bands into one, multiply the network connection speed.

LTE support high-speed wireless network connection + WiFi business presentation platform, the Agilent E6621A PXT Wireless Communications Test Set is used as the LTE network emulator, to ensure that the LTE network to maintain high data transfer rate, thus providing a stable test environment.

SK Telecom said: Agilent E6621A PXT can provide very high data transfer rate, and its user interface is simple to use. Switch between networks of support, especially for switching between LTE and 3G networks will provide a demonstration platform to provide a solid backing.

Agilent Technology (South Korea) wireless marketing engineer Shen Cheng Che (Shin, of Seung-chul,) said, “SK Telecom in the World Assembly on mobile communication demonstration platform to select the use of the Agilent E6621A PXT of the product once a strong empirical. Strong PXT function, can maintain a stable data throughput test. this is the reason why SK Telecom to select PXT. “

Recently, the Japanese Kyocera cell phone re-entry into the Chinese mainland market news spread like wildfire. It is reported that, Panasonic, NEC and other earlier in the Chinese mainland market miscues Japanese brands have shown a return to meaning. Sharp phone to return the body of the Sony Ericsson Sony classified as “Japanese”, Japanese mobile phone does have a “comeback” of the situation.

Japanese phone is really the collective strength of the formation of new market forces? From the current situation it seems, would not be easy.

Japanese phones are then withdraw from the Chinese mainland market, the industry are “acclimatized” in a word. But exactly how the “acclimatization”, in fact, there are a lot of connotations can study. The key point is that the communications market in Japan can be said that almost all operators in the world, mobile phone brands Strictly speaking, the operators of foundries. In other words, the mobile phone brands can be done on-demand, does not require much thought to issues such as sales channels, the operator is the largest channels.

To the mainland China market, this situation is very different, not only numerous channels, consumer demand is more extensive. You can say this is a big market, many potential opportunities, but the subtext is, you have the strength to endure? Market, and manufacturers to promote the difficulty. Especially in the business is not the 2G era alone to sell machines to make money really hard and contributed to the Japanese mobile phone defeated the Chinese classic.

Right now, the mainland of China 3G market development in full swing. Before us to enter the Japanese mobile phone for the 3G era, but also to see the vitality, this is a get together to return to the main cause. And smart Japanese companies began to focus on the co-operation with operators, Kyocera to return to the preferred and telecommunications, Sharp, on the basis of the previous co-operation with China Unicom, the recent plan in hand telecommunications.

But the key question remains in the channel. China’s carrier channels differ with Japan, ZTE, Huawei, Cool association of four has been followed by the operators Group, Japanese mobile phone is not easy to break this local camp.

In addition, brand culture will be another great difficulty. Japanese mobile phone in the country have disappeared for many years, there is a “shadow” among consumers. The earliest return of the Japanese mobile phone Sharp phone, for example, it has a strong brand influence, refined styling, the naked eye 3D trend characteristics, but today, the overall sales are not very well received, snacks system stagnated . This may be from one side of a number of problems.

Moreover, in the popular smartphone market, Apple iPhone and Google Android phone has occupied the two major trends, the traditional old forces Nokia is poised to take off. How to develop their own brand appeal and attraction, will be the biggest challenge facing Japanese mobile phones in the domestic market.

Ministry of industry and information released 29, the electronic information industry operation analysis report, in the previous three quarters of China’s electronic information products export 312.38 billion us dollars, up 20% decline.

Among them the material and processing trade exports were down 32%, 19%, computer, communication equipment, audio-visual products, electronic components, electronic devices decreased by 13% to 36%.

Data showed China’s electronic information, export decline gradually narrow. The first five months of China’s electronic information products exported by month are to stay above 20%, six to eight months to about 15% by narrow, September drop further reduced from 10% to.

The letter XieDiaoJu operation monitoring work ZhuHongRen director said, into the third quarter century, along with the domestic policy effect constantly and the global economy recovery appeared gradually, China’s electronic information industry continued in the second quarter to good stabilising trend, the overall trend picks up the basic clear. But some industry and field still has repeatedly fluctuation phenomenon, the industry transition stage characteristics of highlights and new change, still need to strengthen monitoring and take measures to increase the adjustments.

Data shows that China’s electronic information industry key product growth surface is gradually enlarged. But at the same time, the industrial investment slow down.

ZhuHongRen said, taken together, the fourth quarter China’s electronic information industry development speed to speed up, but the overall situation is still not optimistic, throughout the year income may be manufacturing is expected to last year and flat, electronic information products export overall will continue to negative growth, income growth software industry maintained about 20%.

Source: exporter author: WeiZheng ZhouChunHui illustrated

Abstract: this paper introduces a kind of general software radio platform, the platform by the high performance DSP core for data processing, using high-speed serial interface for data scheduling, combined with the peripheral fpga and high speed a/d and d/a, can be applied in a variety of formats of wireless communication system. In the specific discussion the overall structure design platform and scheduling scheme based on the data, this paper gives the realization on the platform a direct sequence spread spectrum communication system application.

Keywords: software radio; Direct sequence spread spectrum; Tigersharc201; DSP

1 this

With the rapid development of microelectronics technology, programmable chips in the processing power of strengthening, especially high-speed DSP chip is going in, much to the direction of the concurrent execution instructions. DSP processing ability enhancement, makes it great quantity of the algorithm can use software way rapidly. Because the software processing flexibility, this to the whole radio system structure bring the profound changes.

Software radio is to point to a kind of based on programmable, and has a certain flexibility of high-speed signal processing platform. Treatment of the devices on the platform can be reconfigured, will generalization, modular, standardized algorithm with software unit way realization, according to the system’s actual need, in all kinds of different add software algorithm can accomplish a specific function, and therefore can be crossing the various communication standards. When need a standard to switch from another standard, the processor can dynamic in the main part of the software switch [1 ~ 5].

2 system structure design

This platform mainly for broadband wireless digital communication system of the physical medium frequency and baseband unit of digital signal processing, as shown in figure 1 shows, platform has two DSP (adi, tigersharc201), a fpga (xilinx xc2s300e) and a CPLD (xilinx xcr3256xl208). Based on signal processing of each module in operation characteristics, and the device characteristics, we will choose different modules in different parts of the complete. Fpga flexible Settings, but it’s hard to do the high frequency, usually less than 120 MHZ, suitable for processing can parallel computation of module; And DSP high frequency, mainly in a serial manner the instruction execution, and DSP support c language, and therefore easy to handle communication agreement. Based on the above characteristics, fpga suitable for processing the sender and digital data on frequency conversion (duc); In the receiver for processing numeric down-transducer (DDC), matched filter, timing synchronization and other baseband processor module. DSP for timing synchronization, channel estimation, FFT transform, solution interweave, decode and other baseband processor module, and the communication protocol processing. Because of its characteristics and CPLD device restriction, general used as a control module or control FanYiQi instructions.

Modern broadband wireless digital communication system to try to use digital signal processing method to increase the reliability, because this wants to use broadband a/d and d/a, but because the device performance limitations, and we usually choose in the intermediate frequency used in the a/d, d/a. This platform a/d use 12 bit of ad9235, highest sampling rate for 65 MSPS, if intermediate frequency below 65 MHZ, we can be directly of intermediate frequency signal sampling, if intermediate frequency higher frequencies, can use band-pass sampling method. D/a use of 14 bit ad9857, 200 MSPS, realize the intermediate frequency output.

Figure 1: platform structure

Broadband wireless digital communication system of general baseband processing algorithms are divided into code level of treatment and symbols level processing, and the communication protocol processing. Code level of signal processing is characteristic of the computation, such as timing synchronization etc, so in the past the system based on fpga or most asic to achieve, but this platform of high performance DSP set in some special unit, and can meet the requirements of the code level of treatment, table 1 for DSP processing capacity index peak, from now on table, we can see the strong ability to deal with. Symbols such as such as processing level decoding, opposite for the productivity is not very big, the DSP also provides enhanced command, make viterbi and turbo decoding code faster. Communication protocol processing need a lot of judgment, jump operation, this part if use fpga asic processing will make the system or development become very slow, and DSP can use c language, it is very suitable for communication protocol processing.

Table 1: DSP processing power index

Peak rate

32-bit floating point performance

3600 mflops

16-bit algorithm

Execution time

In order to help the digital signal processor (DSP) developers maximize extend battery time, and contribute to the portable power sensitive system, Texas instruments (ti) company launched tms320c5509a, tms320c5507 and tms320c5503 digital signal processor. However, to make sure that such DSP without consuming any unnecessary power, we must understand how to fall to lowest power consumption, and how to make full use of all unused peripherals temporarily keep in idle advantage.

For example, high efficiency and energy saving system level circuit board design, will require some special pin has good terminated (termination) function, and that a portion of peripherals are idle, and make full use of DSP idle and power saving mode. Through the dynamic shut off not using all the peripherals and internal functional units, which can realize the first point. To minimize power consumption will, but also helps to reduce cost, reduce the heat and reduce the density of the device.

If the input pin in the impending (float) state, the impending pin the logical state of each switch, will generate additional I/o current consumption. Developers can not use by pins and impending pin to control to save energy, and at the same time maintain the best functional. For important power sensitive application, idle or correct configuration does not use DSP peripherals, such as real-time clock (RTC), a/d converter, MMC/sd card and usb, but also to save energy.

Given the right about how to break through c5509a, c5507 and c5503 DSP on unused peripherals pin to optimize the power consumption of some guiding principle.

suggest

1. Will DSP set to standby mode-this is a key part of the power optimization. Therefore, the developers can start idle allocation, including spare CPU, all of the peripherals, clock generator and chip oscillator.

2. Pull up/down by way of unused interrupt input pins, make sure not to use the “output” of pin not connect any sexual load resistance. Activate the emif bus the bus in the keep device (bus keeper), but also to save energy.

3. Real time clock (RTC) module should be in has not used the electricity, thus help will power consumption to a minimum. Because the RTC is the only with the rest of the chip can completely isolated module. It can be in the rest of the chip power cuts were the power supply, and vice versa. Others on the DSP peripherals and module of the idle will not affect the RTC.

4. Will piece of digital converter (adc) within the clock frequency is set for the lowest 4 MHZ as far as possible, so that the biggest possible clock frequency conversion for 2 MHZ. This will allow adc state machine power consumption to lowest. If a chip adc module has not been used, then connect the power and grounding of adc should according to the provisions of the specifications to connect the power and grounding accordingly.

5. Through the set of a usbidlectl registers each, make the DSP usb module are idle. In order to make the usb port is not work, make usbidlectl registers the idle enable a (idleen) buy 1, again let icr peri position of 1. Ensure that usbclk are set up in 48 MHZ. Ensure that dp and dn pin in impending state. Finally, through the 10 k of omega and the resistance of pu pin usb pull up to a high level, to ensure that the usb won’t reset, and won’t wake up chip oscillator.

Graph: through the software or add and resistance of hardware way, can achieve many power optimization techniques

Do not suggest

1. Connections simulators or use the code composer studio integrated development environment of commissioning functions, the DSP in sleep or idle3 mode. Don’t need any suspension interruption, and ensure that have not been used input pin on high level to be pulled. Do not need to undertake any dma transmission, also do not need to activate the RTDX, otherwise will be reactivated idle3 mode.

2. Have external interruption or piece of real time clock on the interruption of produce. Don’t will host to use usb or system hardware reset, otherwise will from internal oscillator idle or sleep patterns of awakening.

3. Interrupt data or the address bus pins, and they have to keep the function, can reduce the impending did not use pin the static caused power consumption. Bus is not use will make keep pin without external resistance.

4. Use external oscillator. To make the minimum power consumption, should consider using pieces (oscillator.

5. Let the RTC pins are suspended in the state, even if there is no use. Because DSP shut off, usually should make RTC keep running. Let the RTC pin impending, will increase the number of transformation, which consume more energy.

Author: naser salameh

DSP application engineer